IADIZA - GIB NOTICIAS

De Mendoza CONICET

(Diferencias entre revisiones)
(ASSESSING THE USE OF FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AS A MEASURE OF ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE IN ARID RANGELANDS)
(VISITAS CORTAS DE INVESTIGACION EN EL GiB)
Línea 98: Línea 98:
'''Invasiones biológicas: Nido de ratas y control ambiental'''[http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/ciencia/19-175690-2011-08-31.html]
'''Invasiones biológicas: Nido de ratas y control ambiental'''[http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/ciencia/19-175690-2011-08-31.html]
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 +
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'''EL CONICET DIALOGA'''[http://www.conicetdialoga.gov.ar/]
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Revisión de 14:20 8 oct 2011


INICIO
GRUPO Historia Mision Objetivos Gente
ACTIVIDADES Investigacion Publicaciones Cursos Difusion
RECURSOS Estacion de campo Laboratorio Coleccion Animal Bioterio Sitios Web
NOTICIAS
INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF MAMMALOGISTS
CONTACTO



Darwin y sus reflexiones sobre las especies exóticas

“. . . few countries have undergone more remarkable changes since the year 1535, when the first colonist of La Plata landed with seventy-two horses. The countless herds of horses, cattle, and sheep, have altered the whole aspect of the vegetation, but they have almost banished the guanaco, deer, and ostrich. Numberless other changes must likewise have taken place; the wild pig in some parts probably replaces the pecarri; packs of wild dogs may be heard howling on the wooded banks of the less frequented stream; and the common cat, altered into a large and fierce animal, inhabits rocky hills….” Charles Darwin, The Voyage of the Beagle, entry for September 19th, 1833

Darwin fue recordado en Mendoza a 200 años de su nacimiento

El jueves 12 de febrero de 2009, Charles Darwin hubiera cumplido 200 años. Celebrando su día de nacimiento, se le rindió homenaje en todo el mundo. Este naturalista inglés, le imprimió una fuerza innovadora a la ciencia, al comprender el proceso de evolución de las especies. Visitó Mendoza y, de regreso a Chile, con su habitual curiosidad, descubrió una hilera de bases de árboles petrificados que, luego de ingentes análisis, identificó como araucarias (It required little geological practice to interpret the marvellous story which this scene at once unfolded; though I confess I was at first so much astonished that I could scarcely believe the plainest evidence. I saw the spot where a cluster of fine trees once waved their branches on the shores of the Atlantic, when that ocean (now driven back 700 miles) came to the foot of the Andes). Precisamente en ese lugar, Paramillos, Uspallata, se reunió, gran número de investigadores e interesados por la conservación de la naturaleza y su saber.



NUEVA PUBLICACIÓN ELECTRÓNICA DE CIENCIAS NATURALES[[1]




ÑACUÑAN: 50 años de la Reserva del Hombre y la Biósfera

pdf


Presiones selectivas, convergencia evolutiva y coexistencia de pequeños mamíferos del desierto

Archivo:Convergencia3.jpg‎

El ecosistema del desierto constituye un escenario ideal donde poner a prueba algunos de los aspectos relevantes de la teoría evolutivo-ecológica. Entre estos, la homoplasia por evolución convergente es uno de los resultados que presentan organismos de distintos linajes y separados unos de otros, ante presiones selectivas similares.

Entender, por un lado, aquellos factores que operan como fuerzas de selección sobre los organismos del desierto del Monte (ej. baja productividad, precipitaciones escasas, otros), y consecuente adaptación, y por otro, la diversidad y mecanismos de coexistencia en una comunidad conformada por diversos linajes de mamíferos, forma parte de las investigaciones que desarrollamos en el GiB con un enfoque integrativo.

La aproximación integral desde distintas disciplinas (biogeografía, ecofisiología, ecología, genética, comportamiento) nos permite un mejor entendimiento sobre la composición, organización, funcionamiento y dinámica de la diversidad biológica de los desiertos, sus semejanzas y diferencias con otros desiertos del mundo, y por otro lado, una mayor robustez en las bases para la planificación de su conservación ante las múltiples y crecientes amenazas (Ricardo A. Ojeda, 2da Reunión Conjunta de Sociedades de Biología de la República Argentina 17-19 Agosto, 2011, San Juan; parcialmente financiado por PIP- CONICET 2884, 5944, 0325, y PICT Agencia 11768, 0455.)



INVESTIGADORES VISITANTES/GUEST RESEARCHERS

Archivo:Mike_Wisdom.jpg

Dr. Michael Wisdom, Research Biologist with the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the United States Forest Service, has been awarded a Fulbright Scholar grant to conduct research and teach at the Institute for Aridlands Research, National Council for Science and Technology, Mendoza, Argentina, from September to December 2011.

Dr. Wisdom has an extensive background in wildlife research on ungulates, species of conservation concern, wildlife-landscape relationships, and methods to evaluate landscape conditions for vertebrates. He has authored over 120 publications in scientific journals and given over 400 invited presentations at professional conferences and symposia.

Dr. Wisdom will co-teach a graduate course on animal resource selection at the University of Cuyo with CONICET scientist Dr. Solana Tabeni, and with scientists Mary Rowland and Ryan Nielson from the United States. Dr. Wisdom also will conduct research on two native ungulate species, the taruka and the guanaco, in collaboration with CONICET scientists Dr. Ricardo Ojeda and Dr. Andres Novaro.

The graduate course on animal resource selection will be taught in November at the CONICET research office in Mendoza. Course content will address a wide spectrum of material on methods of analyzing animal movements and habitat use for research and management application. New research on the taruka, a small, rare deer species that occupies high-elevation grasslands in the Andes of northwestern Argentina, will be initiated by Wisdom and Ojeda with biology student Gusatavo Marás of the University of Salta. No formal research on the species has been conducted in Argentina, and only a few hundred individuals are thought to exist in the entire country. The research is expected to provide essential knowledge for management of this national monument species to maintain viable populations. New research on guanacos, which occupy arid and semi-arid grasslands and shrublands of Argentina, will be initiated by Wisdom and Novaro to develop, validate, and apply resource selection models for evaluation of the species’ response to a wide variety of human activities occurring on landscapes of Mendoza and Neuquen Provinces. Wisdom and Novaro will work on the guanaco research with Ph.D. students Ramiro Ovejero and Natalia Radovani as part of the two students’ proposed post-doctoral appointments with CONICET.


VISITAS CORTAS DE INVESTIGACION EN EL GiB

Archivo:Paola,_Andrea_y_Solana.JPG

A partir de Mayo, y durante todo el año, el Grupo de Investigaciones de la Biodiversidad (GiB-IADIZA, CONICET) invita a desarrollar un período de capacitación en la práctica de la actividad científica. El mismo esta dirigido a estudiantes egresados o del último año de la carrera de biología.

El Programa de actividades es intensivo,estructurado y orientado a introducir y familiarizarlos con la actividad investigativa profesional a través de formulación de proyectos, lectura, discusión y presentación de trabajos relacionados con biogeografía, ecología, sistemática, filogeografía, ecofisiología y conservación de mamíferos.

El Programa busca cubrir los aspectos señalados y por otro lado satisfacer las expectativas e inclinaciones expresadas con anterioridad por los postulantes.

Por lo general el tiempo de las visitas es de una semana (equivalente a 40 hs). Desde el GiB- IADIZA se extenderá un certificado de lo desarrollado durante el período. El GiB no cubre ningún gasto de estadía.

Durante el período se orientará asimismo sobre el funcionamiento del sistema científico y oportunidades para el desempeño profesional.


Los interesados deberán remitir una breve carta vía e-mail, donde expresen su interés, perfil (curriculum vitae) y fechas potenciales a: rojeda@mendoza-conicet.gov.ar Visitas[[2]]


Floración Caña Colihue y ratadas[3]



Invasiones biológicas: Nido de ratas y control ambiental[4]


EL CONICET DIALOGA[5]


DIVULGACION CIENTIFICA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LA MATANZA[[6]]


El establecimiento del conejo europeo en el norte de la Provincia de Mendoza pdf


Disminución de especies hacia el sur de la Selva de las Yungas[7]


LA LUPA: Colección fueguina de divulgación científica[8]


REVISTA DE DIVULGACION CIENTIFICA DEL NOROESTE ARGENTINO[9]


Nuevo Parque de la región cordillerana de Mendoza[10]


Roedores sudamericanos y adaptaciones al desierto[11]

Mamíferos de Ñacuñan[[12]]


LA CHINCHILLA EN ARGENTINA: NOVEDADES[13]


Los flamencos de Llancanelo[14]


Minería de montaña y sus consecuencias[15]


La caza de mamiferos en Mendoza[16]


Un nuevo mamífero para Mendoza[17]


Matanza legal de pumas en Patagonia[18]


Estado del ambiente en América del Sur[19]


Biodiversidad y Bienestar Humano en América Latina y el Caribe [20]




SITIOS en la web

ZOOARQUEOLOGIA Y TAFONOMIA DE ZONAS ARIDAS [47]

DIVERSUS[48]

Asociación Argentina de Ecología[49]

EL GRAN CHACO[50]

MADRI+D[51]

EXPLORAsitio de actualización y educación docente en las ciencias en el mundo contemporaneo[52]

EDUCACION, ARTE y CIENCIA en MENDOZA[53]

ECOLIBRERIA[54]

Biodiversity Indicators 2010[55]

National Ecological Observatory Network(USA)[56]

Ranking scientific journals[57]

Global Invasive Species Programme[58]

Base de Datos de Especies Invasoras en Argentina[59]

Encyclopedia of life[60]

IBOL Newsletter [61]

Biodiversity Heritage Library[62]

ECOSISTEMAS[63]

Asociacion Argentina de Ecologia del Paisaje[64]

Centro Internacional de Ecología Tropical[65]

2010 International Year of Biodiversity [66]

COUNTDOWN 2010[67]

Econoticias de América Latina </p>[68]

ECOLOGICAL INTERNET [69]

Science daily [70]

ABC Science[71]

Environmental News Network [72]

Biodiversidad América Latina [73]

IUCN[74]

ECO 21[75]

World Science[http://www.world-science.net

Nature News[76]

DARWIN 200[77]


ENERGY AND LIMITS OF GROWTH

Media:Energy_and_limits_of_growth_Brown_et_al.pdf

Physical and economic consequences of climate change in Europe

[21]

BIOGEOGRAFIA MARINA

[[22]

ATLAS OF BIODIVERSITY RISK

[[23]][24]

Asuntos críticos ambientales

[[25]

Propagación de la fiebre del Dengue

[[26]

Las Áreas protegidas como observatorios del Cambio Global

[[27]

Consequences of being rich: wealth and population are key drivers of invasive species in Europe

[[28]]

Las Yungas y Bosques nubosos en peligro

[[29]]

Small mammal diversity loss in response to Late Pleistocene climate change

[30]

Laguna de Mar Chiquita y tormentas de sal

Nubes_sal_Mar_Chiquita.doc

MAMMALS OF THE MONTE DESERT: FROM REGIONAL TO LOCAL ASSEMBLAGES

Archivo:Monte.JPG‎

Much of South America consists of diverse arid and semiarid regions, characterized by high mammal endemism as a result of a complex interplay between site and lineage histories. In this review, we summarize and highlight several biogeographical and ecological features of the small mammals of South America drylands, with special focus on the Monte Desert biome. We provide information on population characteristics, community structure, food and habitat use, and responses to disturbances. Major findings at different scales include: the distinctiveness and high species turnover across South American drylands and Monte Desert ecoregions; synchronous population fluctuations with high variability between years; herbivory and omnivory as dominant trophic strategies; community structure organized through habitat and food segregation, and the importance of a landscape mosaic of grazed and ungrazed areas for maintenance of small and medium sized mammal diversity. (Ricardo Ojeda, Solana Tabeni and Valeria Corbalán, 2011, Jour Mamm. En prensa)

Declinación de la diversidad de mamíferos en la Selva de Yungas / Mammals Diversity decline in the Yungas forest

Archivo:Yungas.JPG

La extensión más austral de la selva tropical Andina y Amazónica terminan a modo de archipiélago dentro de una matriz árida a semiárida en el noroeste de Argentina. Analizamos el patrón de diversidad de especies a lo largo de esta extensión de selvas montanas (Yungas) entre los 22° a 29° S . Nuestro análisis incluye 38 especies de mamíferos selváticos. Estimamos los bordes de los rangos geográficos y mediante un modelo nulo derivamos los límites de confianza para la riqueza de especies y rangos terminales esperados dentro de bandas de 30’. Analizamos el número de rangos terminales y su relación con los atributos ecológicos (macronichos) de las especies. Encontramos un decrecimiento de las especies exclusivas de selva de norte a sur, y ninguna de ellas alcanza el “borde” de la “península” selvática. Esto contrasta con los registros de mamíferos no exclusivos de selva. Los rangos geográficos terminales se agrupan entre los 23° 30’ - 24° 00’ S, indicando un decrecimiento no azaroso de las especies. La correlación entre atributos de las especies (macronichos) y rangos geográficos terminales, sugiere que solo aquellas con vulnerabilida baja y tamaño corporal grande, son capaces de alcanzar una distribución mas extendida a lo largo de las Yungas. Sugerimos que la observada caida de especies es el resultado de la interacción entre un decrecimiento general de la calidad de hábitats de selva en los extremos de distribución, los atributos de las especies y el estado de las poblaciones tropicales en los bordes de distribución. Este estudio tiene implicancias para la conservación de ecosistemas tropicales en los extremos de su distribución (R.A. Ojeda[[31]] R.M. Barquez, J. Stadler y R.Brandl. 2008. Decline of mammal species diversity along a tropical forest. Biotropica, 40:525-521) [32]

Asuntos críticos: nuevas fronteras

[33]|-

Revista Latinoamericana de conservación

[34]|-

THERYA, nueva revista Mexicana de mastozoología

[35]|-

CONSERVATION LETTERS, acceso libre 2010

[36]|-

Biodiversidad en América Latina y el Caribe

[37]|-

Invertir en islas para salvar mas especies/ Invest in islands to save most species

[38]|-

Complete Primate Skeleton from the Middle Eocene of Messel in Germany: Morphology and Paleobiology

[39]|-Imagen:darwinius.jpg

La 'resurrección' de la nutria en la península ibérica

[40]|

Un mosquito pone en peligro a las islas Galápagos

[41]|

Badly bat disease spreading fast, scientists warn lawmakers

BAt disease spreading fast

Evolución: asuntos críticos

[[42]]

Ciencia, evolución y creacionismo

[43]

Ecosistemas nuevos

[44]

Asuntos críticos: Educación

[[45]]

Reflexiones en torno al sistema científico argentino

Media:Reflexiones_en_torno_al_sistema_científico_argentino.doc

La Lista Roja de UICN

[[46]]

MASTOZOOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL

Archivo:MN1994.jpg

[78]

ZOOTAXA-MAMMALIA

[79]

DIA INTERNACIONAL DE LA DIVERSIDAD BIOLÓGICA   22 DE MAYO


INVASIONES BIOLOGICAS: MAMIFEROS EXOTICOS/ BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS: EXOTIC MAMMALS



Las invasiones biológicas, deforestación, fragmentación de hábitats, cambio climático y comercio de vida silvestre, son algunos de los factores responsables por la acelerada pérdida de biodiversidad. El Grupo de investigaciones de la Biodiversidad dirigido por Ricardo Ojeda[[80]], está abocado al módulo de invasiones biológicas como parte del proyecto ALARM (6to marco Unión Europea), y en un artículo reciente junto a Agustina Novillo sintetizaron el panorama actual de los mamíferos exóticos de Argentina, sus efectos sobre los ecosistemas y atributos correlacionados con el éxito de las invasiones.

Agustina Novillo[[81]] y Ricardo Ojeda destacan que los mamíferos introducidos representan en Sud América el 20 % de las introducciones de mamíferos a nivel mundial, y que unas 18 especies mantienen poblaciones en estado silvestre en Argentina[[82]]. Las introducciones se localizan mayormente en ecorregiones templadas, entre los 34° y 55° de latitud, área donde alcanzan las mayores densidades. El artículo publicado online en una reconocida revista abocada a la problemática de las invasiones biologicas (Jour Biol Invasions[83] compila los mamíferos exóticos de Argentina y sus efectos. Desde los castores en Tierra del Fuego, que se comportan como “ingenieros del ecosistema”, construyendo embalses y cambiando la dinámica del ecosistema del bosque de Nothofagus, a una de las especies “mas peligrosas” de los invasores como es el jabalí, con amplio rango geográfico y colonizador reciente en el Desierto del Monte[84].

Según el artículo de A.Novillo y R.Ojeda, los mamíferos exóticos ocupan en Argentina ecoregiones similares a sus distribuciones originales (ej. en Eurasia), y mas aún, gran parte de ellos parecen haber experimentado cierta “liberación ecológica” al expandir sus rangos geográficos a hábitats “nuevos”, en comparación a los de su distribución original. Las especies con alto potencial de invasividad corresponden al jabalí, cabra, liebre europea y ratas del “viejo mundo”, y atribuyen esta cualidad de “buenos” invasores a características como: dieta amplia, gran masa corporal, asociación con ambientes urbanos antropizados, alta capacidad de dispersión, alta tasa reproductiva, concordancia climática (ej ecorregiones similares), entre otras.

Mas allá de los impactos registrados y potenciales, los autores consideran que los mamíferos exóticos ofrecen una buena oportunidad para entender la dinámica de las invasiones biológicas mediante investigaciones ecológicas detalladas y metodologías apropiadas. pdf




BIODIVERSIDAD

Large-scale marine ecosystem change and the conservation of marine mammals[85]

Facebook de la biodiversidad[86]

Taxonomy: the naming crisis[87]

Plataforma Intergubernamental sobre Biodiversidad y Servicios del Ecosistema (IPBES)[88]

2011, el Año de los bosques[89]

Pérdida de biodiversidad y aumento de enfermedades[90]

Biodiversidad y Bienestar Humano en América Latina y el Caribe [91]

Los Andes explican la riqueza de vida en la Amazonia[92]

Biodiversity: facts and figures[93]

Wanted: an IPCC for biodiversity[94]

Hundreds of New Species Found in Papua New Guinea[95]

Deforestation Rate Continues to Plunge in Brazil[96]

Soja, ciencia, justicia y política[97]

Especies africanas de agua dulce amenazadas: medios de subsistencia en peligro[98]

Inventarios Globales de Biodiversidad: Una Respuesta a la Crisis Taxonómica por Lawrence M. Page[99]

Amenaza a la Biodiversidad y Que Se Puede Hacer,por Daniel Simberloff[100]

Simbiosis,mutualismo y la diversidad de frutos silvestres[101]

Mejillones invasores en la Cuenca del Plata, Argentina[102]

Especiación y Biodiversidad por Edward O. Wilson[103]

Recuento de peces y organismos marinos[104]

Abejas en cafetales de sombra mejoran biodiversidad[105]

La Búsqueda de Medicinas por Mark J. Plotkin [106]

La Caatinga perdio el 45 % de su masa vegetal[107]

Inventario de biodiversidad marina: ultimo informe[108]

Las aguas de Australia, Japón y China son las más ricas en especies marinas[109]

El Mediterraneo, uno de los mares mas amenazados[110]

AMPHIBIANS WIPED OUT BEFORE THEY ARE DISCOVERED[111]

Incendio en el Pantanal[112]

12 tendencias ambientales en America del Sur[113]

Una cuna de biodiversidad en las Tablas de Daimiel[114]

ATLAS OF BIODIVERSITY RISK[115]

ESPECIALES: corredores, conectividad, cambio climatico y participacion social en conservacion[116]

How many species are there?[117]

Politics is a key factor in biodiversity[118]

El Gran Chaco y la Deforestacion[119]; Entrevista a Jorge Morello[120]

IPBES,Plataforma Intergubernamental sobre Biodiversidad y Servicios de Ecosistemas[121]

Vida y milagros de la biodiversidad[122]

UE y la biodiversidad[123]

El 40% de la economía mundial depende de la naturaleza[124]

Triatlón por la vida del Daríen[125]

Miles de personas se conectan con la naturaleza a través de la campaña de la UE[126]

La minería en Colombia: El gran dilema[127]

Donde mueren las especies[128]

Lagartos sucumben al calentamiento global[129]

La pérdida de especies y el Hombre[130]

El 4% de la deforestación mundial ocurre en Mexico[131]

Climate Change Causing Lizards to 'Wink Out of Existence[132]

Nations Ignoring Biodiversity Treaty, U.N. Says[133]

La ONU y la pérdida de biodiversidad[134]

It's a microbial world[135]

Biodiversidad, definiciones y conceptos[136]

Barómetro para la biodiversidad[137]

La perdida de biodiversidad según E.O. Wilson[138]

Faltan estudios para la eficaz protección de la biodiversidad[139]

Efecto bumerán en Monsanto, en los Estados Unidos[140]

La pérdida de biodiversidad es el mayor desafío[141]

Los Wichi[142]

Biocombustibles y seguridad alimentaria-1-.doc

La destrucción del Chaco

Un tercio de los europeos desconoce la biodiversidad


ENTREVISTAS

Claudio Campagna[143]



Cursos avanzados

[[144]]


Obituario


Juan Carlos Chebez[145]

Paul S. Martin (1928–2010): Luminary, Natural Historian, and Innovator[146]


Journal of Biogeography Editor´s choice[147]

Frontiers of Biogeography[148]

Biogeografia Bulletin of the Systematic & Evolutionary Biogeographical Association[149]


...NOTICIAS


Quien es el pariente y como llegó el zorro a Malvinas?[150]

Vampire bats can sense the heat of blood flowing in the veins of their prey [151]

A Cheap Imitation Is Sometimes Best[152]

El oso mas grande del mundo[153]

Bat Hibernation Keeps Rabies Going[154]

Did Llama Dung Spur the Rise of Andean Civilization?[155]

Mammal Rediscovered after 113 Years[156]

Tuberculosis followed the fur trade[157]

Leprosy and armadillos[158]

Early warning signs for ecosystem collapse?[159]

Language May Have Helped Early Humans Spread Out of Africa[160]

Mountain ranges as safe places for species facing climate change[161]

Study Finds Energy Limits Global Economic Growth[162]

Premio Crafoord a Ilkka Hanski[163]

Bumblebee Decline Confirmed Across U.S.[164]

Conejos Pigmeos en Peligro en los Estados Unidos[165]

Nómades tibetanos, desertificacion y cambio climático[166]

Mammoth-Killer Impact Rejected[167]

Consecuencias de la minería de montaña[168]

Drought-Induced Reduction in Global Terrestrial Net Primary Production from 2000 Through 2009[169]

Ancient Crocodile Chewed Like a Mammal[170]

Burrowing Moles Breathe Easy[171]

Tiny Amphibian, Long Life[172]

Marmots Thrive on Climate Change[173]

The Science Show and the Creation - the story of Charles Darwin writing his major work[174]

Report maps perils of warming … For example, the report shows that each 1 °C of warming will reduce rain in the southwest of North America, the Mediterranean and southern Africa by 5–10%; cut yields of some crops, including maize (corn) and wheat, by 5–15%; and increase the area burned by wildfires in the western United States by 200–400%[175]

Millennium assessment of human behavior[176]

The white-nose syndrome[177]

Los neandertales viven en nuestros genes[178]

DNA Sequence of Neandertal genome[179]

Somos más neandertales de lo que pensábamos[180]

La mitad de los primates en riesgo de extinción [181]

El estudio del monito del monte aporta luz sobre la evolución de los mamíferos[182]

LIBROS/Books


Review: Are We Really Getting Conservation So Badly Wrong? [199]


Mamíferos de Argentina Sistemática y Distribución (SAREM, 2006)

Editores: Rubén M. Barquez, M. Mónica Díaz, Ricardo A. Ojeda

Interesados contactar a Analia Autino: pidba@arnet.com.ar




REVISTAS DE MAMIFEROS/MAMMAL JOURNALS

MASTOZOOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL</p> [183] Ultimo numero vol 17[184]

MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY- Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde</p>[185]

JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY</p>[186]

GALEMYS</p>[187]

MAMMAL REVIEW</p>[188]

AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY</p>[189]

MAMMALIA</p> [190]

ACTA THERIOLOGICA</p> [191]

JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN EVOLUTION[192]

ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA[Acta Theriologica Sinica]

MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE[193]

AQUATIC MAMMALS[194]

MAMMAL STUDY (JAPAN)

ZOOTAXA[195]


PROTOCOLO DE LA ASM PARA EL MANEJO DE MAMIFEROS EN INVESTIGACION/Guidelines of the American Society of Mammalogists for the use of wild mammals in research[196]

PROGRAMA de Conservación de Murciélagos de Argentina[197]

XENARTHRA[198]

Homenajes a CHARLES R. DARWIN

Imagen:GIB_Darwin.jpg‎

En el bicentenario de su nacimiento (12 Febrero de 1809) y centésimo quincuagésimo aniversario de “El Origen de las Especies” (24 noviembre 1859)

Bicentennial Darwin Day Events

Noticias DEL GiB Archivo:Cuticula_Lycium.jpg

El Dr Michael Wisdom (US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station)se encuentra desarrollando una estadía en nuestro laboratorio como parte de su proyecto de investigación y docencia con Beca Fullbright (Experimental Design and Resource Selection Methods for Landscape Assessment of Vertebrate Responses to Human Disturbances and Environmental Changes in Argentina).

A Australia!!..Entre Setiembre a Diciembre Soledad Albanese estará desarrollando una estadía Posdoctoral en el Laboratorio de Chris Dickman en el Depto de Biología de la Universidad de Sydney http://sydney.edu.au/science/biology/about_us/academic_staff/dickman_chris/. El período esta financiado por el programa de estancias en el exterior del CONICET.

Ricardo Ojeda ha sido designado Editor Asociado del Journal of Mammalogy,revista de la Sociedad Norteamericana de Mastozoólogos.

El 8 de Julio Daniela Rodriguez presentó y defendió su Tesis doctoral sobre diversidad de ensambles de pequeños y medianos mamíferos del desierto templado del Monte (Universidad Nacional del Comahue)...Felicitaciones Doctora!

El día 28 de Junio Agustina Novillo presentó y defendió su Tesis doctoral sobre gradientes altitudinales y latitudinales de diversidad en pequeños mamíferos de los Andes áridos (Fac de Cs Naturales, Univ Nac de Tucumán)... Felicitaciones Doctora!

Paola Sassi ha regresado recientemente de una estadía de corta duración en el Departamento de Genética, CESAR –HOFFMANN LAB (BIO 21 INSTITUTE) de la Universidad de Melbourne bajo la Dirección de Ary A. Hoffmann. La misma fue subsidiada por el CONICET, Argentina, como parte del programa de estadias en el exterior.

Cambios en el staff del GiB: a partir de Enero Cecilia Lanzone desarrolla su actividad investigativa en el Dpto. de Genética de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Los mejores deseos en sus investigaciones y en su nuevo lugar!.

Ricardo Ojeda ha sido designado Co -Chair del Comité de Relaciones Internacionales, y miembro del Comité de Conservación de la American Society of Mammalogists[200].

Agustina Novillo y Daniela Rodriguez resultaron merecedoras de la Beca Posdoctoral CONICET para desarrollar sus investigaciones sobre patrones de diversidad de roedores sigmodontinos en los Andes centrales, y la influencia del pastoreo caprino sobre la diversidad de mamíferos, respectivamente.

POSTERS

Invasiones biológicas.La introducción y expansión de organismos en regiones fuera de su rango de distribución natural, junto a la degradación y fragmentación de hábitats, cambio climático y tráfico de vida silvestre, son las causas mas importantes de pérdida de la biodiversidad. En Argentina se encuentran aproximadamente 17 especies de mamíferos exóticos invasores distribuidos desde los Andes a la costa Atlántica. El poster de Invasiones sintetiza las características de las distintas especies, su distribución, fecha de entrada, y dieta, entre otros.

Biodiversidad del ecosistema Andino.El ecosistema montañoso de los Andes ha jugado un papel importante en la evolución y diversificación de la biota Sudamericana. Sin embargo, es muy poco lo que aún conocemos sobre la riqueza y abundancia de sus especies animales y vegetales. El Grupo de Investigaciones de la Biodiversidad (GiB-IADIZA)preparó este póster que acerca al público en general la riqueza de los mamíferos de las tierras Andinas. Material para difusión institucional, educación, actividades docentes y divulgación al público.

Los interesados pueden solicitarlos en el GiB

CONGRESOS 2011

BIOLIEF 2011 - 2nd World Conference on Biological Invasions and Ecosystem Functioning,21-24 NOVIEMBRE, MAR DEL PLATA [201]

III CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO Y DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE- 8-11 Agosto, La Plata [202]

85th Annual Conference of the German Society of Mammalogy[203]

1er CONGRESO COLOMBIANO DE MASTOZOOLOGIA-19-23 Setiembre [204]

12th European Ecological Federation Congress, Ávila, Spain, 25-29 September[205]

XXIV JORNADAS SAREM, LA PLATA[206]

III Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Biología Evolutiva, Madrid noviembre 2011

2nda Escuela Latinoamericana de Evolución, Noviembre 2011 [207]

CONGRESOS 2012

III Congreso de de la Sociedad Peruana de Mastozoología,7 al 11 de Octubre del 2012,Piura, Peru


ASSESSING THE USE OF FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AS A MEASURE OF ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE IN ARID RANGELANDS

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It is becoming more apparent that species richness alone many not be sufficient to fully understand ecosystem resilience but that functional diversity (diversity of species having similar effects on an ecosystem process) may be more relevant. In particular, response diversity (diversity of species that respond differently to disturbance) within functional groups (FG) is suggested to be critical for resilience. We assess for the first time the use of response diversity as a measure of resilience in an empirical study. Our experimental design consisted of sites with three disturbance intensities during a grazing exclosure period and the same sites, 1 year later, after grazing. Plant FGs were identified based on effect traits related to nutrient cycling and soil retention, and species richness within groups was assessed during exclosure and after grazing. To assess if response diversity could predict loss of species richness (resilience analysis), response diversity was calculated only during the exclosure period, based on traits related to grazing tolerance. We also assessed the contribution of richness to response diversity during exclosure (redundancy analysis). Response diversity was significantly and highly correlated with species richness within FGs during disturbance. That is, FGs with the lowest response diversity were the most affected, disappearing when disturbance appeared. Richness within FGs during exclosure was not significantly correlated with response diversity, showing that higher richness does not ensure resilience. We conclude that response diversity can be used to predict which FGs are more resilient, and hence, less vulnerable to future disturbance. Key words: desertification; functional groups; Insurance Hypothesis; Monte Desert; resilience; rangeland management; response diversity. (Verónica Chillo,Madhur Anand,and Ricardo A. Ojeda, 2011 ECOSYSTEMS)

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BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUST RECOVERY AFTER A LONG-TERM GRAZING EXCLUSION IN THE MONTE DESERT (ARGENTINA)

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Disturbance by domestic grazing is recognized as the most widespread stressor of biological soil crust (BSC) communities. To assess the recovery of the BSC after grazing exclusion, we estimated the composition, cover, and spatial distribution of biological soil crusts, and their influence on soil nitrogen in a protected area after 40 years of grazing exclusion (Reserve MaB of Ñacuñán), and in its surrounding grazed matrix in the central Monte Desert. We considered two spatial scales: at the landscape scale we estimated vegetation and BSC cover in paired grazed and ungrazed sites of Larrea shrublands; at the microsite scale we assessed the influence of the dominant vascular plant, Larrea cuneifolia, on crust cover, and the influence of crust cover on soil nitrogen concentration. Grazing has a negative impact on soil crusts, which only develop under the protection of vascular plants in grazing areas. Grazing exclusion favors crust recovery, allowing black, lichen dominated crusts to develop in exposed areas between shrub canopies. The cover of the moss-dominated crusts was not significantly different at any of the two spatial scales analyzed. Soil nitrogen was higher in areas under L. cuneifolia and without BSC cover, suggesting that litterfall inputs currently exceed those from soil crust N2 fixation, perhaps because crust function has not yet recovered (Diana A. Gómez, Julieta N. Aranibar,Solana Tabeni, Pablo E. Villagra,Irene A. Garibotti, Adrian Atencio; 2011, ACTA OECOLOGICA, 000-000). pdf



DIFFERENTIAL USE OF VERTICAL SPACE BY SMALL MAMMALS IN THE MONTE DESERT,ARGENTINA

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Space use in deserts has usually been considered only along the horizontal dime24 nsion; however, vertical structure could be an important variable for habitat segregation among small mammal species. Our study assessed the use of vertical space by small mammals of the Monte Desert by live-trapping animals at different heights. We recorded 1,336 captures of 4 rodent and 1 marsupial species in 27,600 trap-nights. All 5 species were captured on the ground and in tree layers, but only the gray leaf-eared mouse (Graomys griseoflavus) and the desert mouse opossum (Thylamys pallidior) significantly used the vertical space. G. griseoflavus used the arboreal space independently of habitat, plant species or branch diameter, whereas T. pallidior showed a more selective behavior, being present at higher heights and on large-diameter branches of Prosopis trees than others. All rodent species used lower more than higher heights of arboreal strata. They used heights more or only during the dry season when resource availability is low. Our study suggests that vertical structure offers greater opportunities to acquire resources when these are scarce and plays a role in the coexistence of small desert mammals. Key words: arboreal activity, aridlands, marsupials, Monte Desert, rodents, scansorial, space use, vertical strata (Soledad Albanese, Daniela Rodriguez y Ricardo Ojeda, Jour Mamm, en prensa).


Integrated analyses of chromosome, molecular and morphological variability in the Andean mice Eligmodontia puerulus and E. moreni (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae)

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Patterns of evolution and systematics of sigmodontine rodents are matters of continuous revision and debate. The silky mouse, Eligmodontia, is a phyllotine rodent adapted to arid environments. Chromosomal and molecular data have identified six species in this genus. Among these E. puerulus and E. moreni are sister taxa from the high Andean and lowland deserts respectively, with large chromosomal differences and intermediate levels of molecular divergence. The purpose of our study was to quantify the degree of variability (morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular) and to analyze its evolutionary implications within, and between, these sister species in the Monte and Puna biomes of Argentina. Our results show a high variability at the chromosomal and molecular level, but low morphological differentiation among populations of E. puerulus. Diploid numbers vary from 31 to 37 due to a complex Robertsonian system, whereas cytochrome-b distances range from 0.15% to 5.75%. On the other hand, E. moreni shows high morphological differentiation between populations, but low intraspecific differentiation at the molecular (from 0.73% to 1.4%) and chromosomal level (2n=52). Comparison of E. puerulus with E. moreni reveals high morphological and chromosomal distinction between them, but absence of molecular differentiation. Our results suggest that: 1) the high genetic variability of E. puerulus could be associated to its geographic distribution in the complex topography of the high Andean Puna; 2) the high morphological differentiation between E. moreni and E. puerulus could be the result of natural selection; and 3) molecular polyphyly between E. puerulus and E. moreni could be due to introgression or a recent split of these taxa. Finally, our results emphasize the need to integrate different datasets in the analysis of species variability and diversification, as tools for understanding their evolutionary histories (Cecilia Lanzone, Agustina A Ojeda, Ricardo A Ojeda, Soledad Albanese, Daniela Rodriguez, Dacar Maria Ana; Mammalian Biology, 000-000; 2011). pdf


Niche partitioning and coexistence between two mammalian herbivores in the Dry Chaco of Argentina

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Competitive interactions are known to be stronger between morphologically similar and phylogenetically closely related sympatric species. Patagonian mara (Dolichotis patagonumMedia:652_Dolichotis_patagonum.pdf) and Chacoan cavy (Pediolagus salinicola) are two medium-sized herbivorous mammals which have disjunctive distributions within a sympatric region characterized by dry woodlands and shrublands (Dry Chaco, Argentina). The niche partition hypothesis predicts that ecologically similar species living together should show differentiation in at least one of the main niche dimensions to avoid competition. Thus, we predict that Patagonian mara and Chacoan cavies will differentiate in the use of trophic and/or spatial niche. To prove this hypothesis, we sampled 26 study sites in the dry and wet season and collected fresh faeces of both species. We estimated the diet composition using microhistological analysis of faeces. For habitat analysis we measured 16 vegetation variables, as well as habitat complexity and heterogeneity structure. Our results showed that during the dry season, both species segregate their diet but not their habitat niche, whereas during the wet season they segregate their habitat, and diet segregation is diffused. Diet overlap was similar between seasons, indicating a change in the foraging strategy of the cavy, which selected forbs, grasses, succulents and trees in the dry season and only grasses in the wet season. Our results support the niche partition hypothesis as a mechanism of coexistence among ecologically similar species in the South American temperate arid lands. (Verónica Chillo, Daniela Rodríguez and Ricardo A. Ojeda.2010, Acta Oecologica). pdf


Patterns of diversity of the Monte Desert small mammals across multiple spatial scales

The relationship between spatial scale and biodiversity patterns is a highly debated topic in ecology. We evaluated the partition of small mammal diversity at multiple spatial scales and analyzed protected areas in order to evaluate their role of protecting biodiversity at the regional scale. Diversity of small mammals in the Monte Desert was quantified at the regional biome scale (96,000 km2) (γ) and partitioned at three spatial scales: aridity range (α3,n = 6,16 000 km2), locality level (α2,n = 18,2–3 ha), and habitat patch (α1,n = 51,0.6 ha). We estimated their diversity using an additive approach with three indices (richness, Shannon-Weiner, Simpson). Diversity was higher than expected at the “between aridity range (β3)” scale, but lower at the “within-habitat scale (α1)”. Alpha was higher than beta diversity for most spatial scales; and at the regional scale protected areas preserved a higher biodiversity than unprotected ones. Our results are the first to partition the diversity of desert small mammals at multiple spatial scales and to support the hypotheses of an irregular scale dependence of alpha and beta diversity when increasing the spatial scales. They also highlight that a better understanding of biodiversity patterns is gained when several tools are integrated and combined at different spatial scales (D. Rodríguez,and R.A. Ojeda, Jour Arid Envir., in press).[208]


Food habits and impact of rooting behaviour of the invasive wild boar, Sus scrofa, in a protected area of the Monte Desert, Argentina

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The wild boar, Sus scrofa, was introduced in the central region of Argentina in the early 20th century. A small feral population invaded the western area of the Man and Biosphere Reserve of Ñacuñán, Argentina in the early 1980’spdf. The purpose of our study was to provide information about the diet of wild boars in the semiarid region of Argentina and assess their potential effect on vegetation through soil rooting. We analyzed 41 faecal samples and compared cover plant composition between rooted and non rooted soil. Our results showed that 95% of the diet consisted of different parts (leaves, stems, glumes, fruits, seeds, and bulbs) of 36 plant species, while arthropods and animal tissue represented only 5% of the diet. Two plant species (Sphaeralcea miniata and Pitraea cuneato-ovata) composed the bulk of the diet, representing almost 50% of the total items found in the faeces. Plant cover was significantly different between rooted and non rooted areas. Rooted areas were dominated by Pitraea cuneato-ovata, whereas the cover of Lycium sp was higher in non rooted areas. This is the first study addressing the ecology of the wild boar in a protected area of the Monte Desert biome of Argentina. María Fernanda Cuevas, Agustina Novillo, Claudia Campos, Maria Ana Dacar and Ricardo A. Ojeda, JAE in press; partly financed by ALARM (EU)- CONICET [210]and SECYT (Argentina)[211] pdf


Phylogeography and genetic variation in the South American rodent Tympanoctomys barrerae (Rodentia: Octodontidae)

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The red viscacha rat, Tympanoctomys barrerae, is an octodontid rodent endemic to the arid west-central and southern regions of Argentina[[212]]. It is solitary, lives in complex burrows built in soft soil, and occurs at low population densities in patches associated with salt basins and sand dunes in lowland habitats of the Monte[213] and Patagonia deserts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic structure and biogeography of this desert specialist. To assess genetic variation an 800-base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region was sequenced for 60 individuals from 8 localities across the species’ range. Relationships among haplotypes were inferred from phylogenetic analyses (maximum parsimony, Bayesian, and networks). Genetic structure and demographic history were analyzed with descriptive statistics, mismatch distributions, neutrality tests (Tajima’s and Fu’s), and analyses of molecular variance (AMOVAs). In total, 26 haplotypes were found, most restricted to single populations. The presence of unshared haplotypes was consistent with low migration rates. Within the distribution (between 29uS and 39uS) southern and northern populations showed higher genetic diversity values than central populations. Populations of T. barrerae showed moderate to high genetic differentiation on the basis of haplotypes of central populations. AMOVA analyses indicated a moderate level of geographic structure for all populations. Low haplotype and nucleotide diversities in central populations suggest a possible bottleneck associated with Pleistocene glaciations or volcanic activity in this part of the range of the viscacha rat. Phylogeographic structure was moderate, and the analyses recovered 2 principal clades: A (with central and a part of the southern distribution) and B (with northern and another part of the southern distribution). Most populations were polyphyletic, indicating that they have not been isolated long enough to reach reciprocal monophyly. Demographic analyses conducted for clades A and B suggest a recent history of population expansion. (Agustina Ojeda[[214]], Journal of Mammalogy, 91(2):302–313, 2010) pdf


A new introduction of the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, in northern Mendoza, Argentina

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The introduction of exotic species can cause important changes in the structure and function of natural ecosystems. We report the introduction of the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, into Villavicencio Natural Reserve in Mendoza, Argentina. Individuals were introduced from a breeding facility within the reserve. Our study assessed the possible establishment of the species as well as their potential dispersal corridors. We suggest that the rabbit could be using the riverbeds as dispersal corridors. The European rabbit, O. cuniculus, is in the establishment stage and can become a potential invader of new environments in the reserve and surrounding areas (Fernanda Cuevas, Veronica Chillo, Ariadna Marchetta and Ricardo A. Ojeda,2011, CHECKLIST, 000-000)

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New eco-morphological-behavioral approach of the chinchilla rats in the pre-Andean foothills of the Monte desert (Argentina)

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This study characterizes the ecology, behaviour and morphology of populations of Abrocoma schistacea and A. uspallata in northwestern Argentina. We carried out live-trapping, tagging and recapture during 2006-2008. Burrow structure and vegetation were described. Diet composition and the activity of chinchilla rats were defined. Both species inhabit rock crevices in the pre-Andean foothills of the Monte desert. Some of their morphological specializations for saxicolous life, such as foot pads for better traction on rocky surfaces and reduced nails, are convergent with those of other saxicolous species. Both species appear to be diurnal, with activity peaking in the early morning. Dietary analyses suggest trophic specialization by both species. Density of A. schistacea was of 0.15±0.06 individuals ha-1; with individuals living in groups of 3-4 animals. Given their low abundance, restricted distribution and high level of habitat and food specialization, we urge that populations of this species be protected through effective management (Paula Taraborelli, Pablo Moreno, Paola Sassi, María A. Dacar, and Ricardo A. Ojeda. Jour Natural History, in press)

Key words: adaptations, chinchilla rats, Monte desert, saxicolous species.

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